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In the previous post we analysed the mysterious crop circles turning up within triangular areas. We saw that such crop circles have turned up the most in England and that one such crop circle resembled the Syama Kali Yantra. The same Wiltshire area in England where this mysterious crop circle showed up is also the home to another ancient wonder called as the STONEHENGE - a prehistoric stone monument.
Archaeologists believe that this stone monument was constructed anywhere between 4000 to 5000 years ago. That is, they were constructed in England around the same time as when the Indus Valley Civilization flourished in the Indian sub-continent.
Picture of the Stonehenge taken in 1877
Stonehenge is composed of a circular setting of large standing stones set within barrows (also known as earthworks). The baffling thing about this monument is that its massive stone blocks, each weighing several tons were not actually local stones but have been quarried from great distances. Researchers now believe that the Stonehenge stones were moved over 160 miles. How were these massive stone blocks hauled over such long distances? Why did they haul them in the first place? What was the purpose of transporting such heavy stone blocks over long distances to erect circular structures? Most of these questions still remain unanswered. The intriguing fact about this monument is that crop circles appear around its neighborhood. In the picture below, the arrow points to the location of the Stonehenge; a crop circle formation is seen close by.
Several such stone monuments have been discovered around this area.
The NORMANTON DOWN GROUP is a large collection of circular mounds about half a mile south of Stonehenge. The plan of the area is shown below.
Each circle in the picture corresponds to a stone monument. Aerial views of the area are shown below.
The arrangement shows orderliness similar to that of the crop circles. It turns out that all these monuments were cemeteries. All the stone blocks were actually burial stones. The dead have been buried beneath or nearby these stones. In some cases there have been mass burials.
In a site called as WOODHENGE that is 2 miles north-east of Stonehenge, it was discovered that the dead had been buried in the center and 6 concentric oval timber circles were formed around it.
WOODHENGE
BLUESTONEHENGE or "Bluehenge" is a prehistoric stone circle monument that was discovered about 1 mile south-east of Stonehenge. Excavation revealed several stone settings that are thought to have been erected around 3000 BC. It is estimated that there may have been as many as 27 stones in a circle 10 m wide. The number 27 reminds us of the 27 Vedic Astrology stars and the 27-star temple of Mohenjadaro. The method of dividing the circular sky into imaginary sections for the purposes of observation of planetary movements using 27 specific groups of stars is found only in Vedic Astrology/Astronomy .
Vedic astrology studies the positions of heavenly bodies like Sun, Moon, and Mars etc. with respect to the zodiac. If we imagine a path in the sky at approximately 18 degrees arc in the width encircling the earth in an east-west direction, groups of stars will appear to be apparently fixed with respect to earth along this imaginary path. Only Vedic astrology recognizes 27 such groups of stars. These groups of stars in the imaginary path are called zodiac. This zodiac forms the reference for fixing up the position of any planet or star in the sky.
Although the ancient Greeks too were conversant in astronomical sciences, their system was not based on 27-star groups like in Vedic Astrology. This system is found only in Indian Vedic Astrology. If a 27-stone circular monument was erected in Stonehenge in Wiltshire area about 5000 years back, there are two possible explanations for this. One, people familiar with Vedic Astrology must have inhabited the place in that era. We'll look into the second possible explanation after we discuss more about the Stonehenge formation.
All these stone monuments were indeed burial grounds. Several bodies had been buried beneath the stones as well as within the circular formations. Based on research done on their remains, it has been determined that none of the dead had met with natural deaths. There is evidence of trauma deformity in some of the graves. All the remains do not belong to the same time period either. Radio carbon dating shows that the remains belong to several different time periods.
Likewise, all the stone blocks were not erected during the same time period. Stonehenge evolved in construction phases spanning at least 1500 years. In other words, they had been erected as and when people were buried there as time went by. Even if they had been constructed over several phases, the entire formation resembles the geometric formations of the crop circles. The picture below shows the orderly nature of the Stonehenge monument construction.
Plan of the central stone structure today. After Johnson 2008
http://http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonehenge
If we draw 5 imaginary segments inside the inner circle it forms a 5-pointed star as shown in picture below. This is nothing but Syama Kali Yantra.
In this picture the missing stone sections have been filled in to form the 5 segments of the 5-point star of the Syama Kali Yantra. Originally, these missing stone blocks must have been present and were probably destroyed over course of time.
This formation of the Stonehenge monument resembles the crop circle formations. Crop circles have been noticed only within the past century and have been investigated in detail only in the past few decades. With the advent of advanced technology in modern times it has become possible now to view them in their full complexity from a high altitude. It is likely that crop circles went unnoticed before such aerial observations became a possibility.
The other reason that these crop circles are starting be noticed now is that tall crops are cultivated now around this area. When mystical powers get into action here, the signs of such an unseen force bending the tall crops in specific formation catches the eye.
These forces must have been there in the past also. The construction of Stonehenges that resemble crop circle designs and the presence of so-called occult practices of the Druids in this part of England seem to have a connection within themselves. Let us visualize a scenario in this part of England in an ancient time. Let us suppose that an unseen force made its way through a place where a large number of people were assembled. The force causes destruction in its path. One can observe the path of the force by observing the path of destruction. If people were present in that path, they would be struck by that force and drop dead or injured. At the same time the people who were adjacent to the path would be unharmed. But they would see the people near them suddenly falling flat due to the force that rammed through them. The cause of such fall could not be known or seen by the one who was nearby. But on seeing the person next to him hit by something and falling dead, but nothing of that sort happening to him, he would be fear-struck and would concoct stories of sorcery. Such invisible destructive natural forces and sudden deaths or hits caused by such forces inspire great fear among masses and give rise to the concept of work of devils and occult (occultus in Latin means hidden or secret). Since the force is imperceptible, the source of destruction was probably considered paranormal.
Over the centuries, the people who died due to such unseen forces were buried right where they met with their deaths. The orderly design of the Stonehenge in the nature of crop circle design and the burial underneath that make me think that the Stonehenge was built on the place where people were killed by the crop circle forces. The burial monument was constructed in an orderly manner in relation to space, directions and the moon. The forces forming the crop circles also seem to obey similar order.
To prove this point, let us take a look at the AVEBURY monument in the village of Avebuy in Witshire in southwest England. It was constructed around 2600 BC for a period of over 1000 years. Here's the map of the Avebury henge.
A crop circle similar to the Avebury henge turned up in WEST OVERTON in Wiltshire on July 28th 1994. Picture below shows that crop circle formation.
It is conceivable that in that place where the crop circle formed, the ancient had erected a similar stone monument for the dead.
The 27-timber circle in the aforementioned Woodhenge was probably related to a crop circle formation. Probably a mysterious power manifested itself there inside a circular shape denoted by 27 points. One may infer from this that the Vedic (Astrology) method of dividing the circular sky into 27 sections signifies some kind of association with naturally occurring forces. The Vedic sages invented this scheme. The inhabitants of Wiltshire area who lived there 5000 years ago had probably conducted some sort of worship with this knowledge. Who were these inhabitants? Were they akin to the Vedic sages who had identified such specific mystic powers in shapes? Or were they people who had obtained this knowledge through the Vedic sages and were just practicing the rituals there?
When we pursue an investigation along these lines, we find an association between the inhabitants of these Stonehenge areas and the Indian Vedic populations.
The DRUIDS have worshipped in these Stonehenges for the past several centuries.
Picture taken in 1905 when Druids worshipped at the Stonehenge
These Druids belong to Europe's ancestral Celtic tribes. Celts are the ancestors of the current British peoples. These Celts lived in not just Britain, but had also occupied wide areas in Northern, Central and Western Europe. It is believed that they lived in England, Ireland and France and spread to other areas in Northern Europe over time. The researchers place the time period of these Celts around 900 BC. But from the evidences in Greek and Roman literature and other evidences such as archeology as well as folklore handed down through ages, we learn that they had lived in England even 5000 years back.
The Druids were holistic, spiritual, enlightened people and had practiced professions such as priesthood, teaching, medicine and justice. They were well-versed in magic, incantations and astrology. It was the Druid priests who performed the coronation of the kings. Here is a picture of a Druid performing the ceremony for Queen Elizabeth.
http://www.whale.to/c/druid.html#Symbols
Until the rise of the Greek and Roman Republics, the Druids played a significant role of authority amongst the various European tribes. For nearly 3000 years prior to the Greek and Roman expansions, the Druids' theology, philosophies, culture and practices were very much in vogue in several parts of Western Europe. However, the Europeans could not take pride in their Druidian ancestry. The main reason for this can be deciphered from the Stonehenge of Wiltshire. The other reason was the fact that the entire European population had come under the sway of Christianity.
Let me explain the main reason. 5000 years ago, the ancients had been in awe of the mystical power that was the source of inexplicable paranormal activities that forms crop circles. However, the Druids had managed to contain this supernatural power and had kept it under control with the aid of occult, magic and other such wizardry. It is also probable they observed the phenomenon of crop circle forces and created an image that it was their handiwork so that they could subjugate the people as they liked. It is conceivable that the Stonehenge stone blocks were erected per the recommendation of the Druids for this purpose. The Druids had been aware of supernatural powers such as the Syama Kali. They had been familiar with the 5-pointed star. In several artifacts discovered in Western Europe, star shapes are found in protective amulets. The hexagram star was prevalent in these. It was also believed that the Druids had used the hexagram to bring destruction upon their enemies with sorcery. Unnatural or sudden deaths of people were attributed to be the result of such witchcraft. The Romans spread such a notion about the Druids among the European people when their empire was in the ascendant.
The Roman Empire came to prominence only with the destruction of the cult of the Druids. Rome's first emperor, Augustus Ceasar had decreed that no one could be both a Druid and a Roman citizen. This was followed by a law passed by the later Emperor Claudius which completely suppressed the Druids by placing a ban on all their religious practices. The Druids were asked to identify themselves. Hence several Druids hid their identities and managed to stay alive.
When we turn back the pages of history, it appears that the Romans and Greeks were the first people that embarked on the path of destruction of ancient cultures that were preserved over several centuries. They had much abomination for the Druids and their ancient Celtic practices. Since the general population complied with the Druids' authority, it became clear to them that they could be in a position of power only if the Druids were destroyed. Following in the footsteps of the Roman and Greek expansions, Christianity took over this mantle of destruction of ancient cultures all over the world and continues to do so until the present times.
At the time of ascendancy of the colonial power in India, Celtic ancestry was an almost forgotten or hidden history of the past of the British and other Europeans. This is because the Celtic paganism or polytheism which was an important part of their culture was anathema to Christianity. Christianity which opposed polytheism, had taken roots in Europe and was well established during colonial times and most European countries had already been converted to Christianity by then. Hence, naturally the Europeans did not take much pride in their ancient Druidian associations. In other words, they did not have kind thoughts for their ancestors. Christianity was responsible for this mindset. The Europeans had come to view that Christianity was responsible for their transformation to civilized cultures. When they arrived in India with this mindset they were naturally shocked to notice striking resemblances of that same paganism/polytheism which they had abhorred and shunned in Europe, being practiced in all its gaiety in India.
They could not help but note other similarities between Indian culture and the cults of the Druids, their European ancestors.
Based upon all these similarities they concluded that their European ancestors had migrated into India in the hoary past, crossing the seven rivers (Sapta Sindhu) such as Rhine, Danube etc. However, even if the British and other Europeans did not have kind thoughts for their Celtic, Druidian ancestors, they found it convenient to link themselves with the Aryans who were mentioned and extolled in the Rig Veda. In their eagerness to associate themselves with such worthy ancestors, they concluded that they were the descendents of these same clan that became Rig Vedic Aryans. They could not care less for their real Celtic, Druidian European ancestors. Instead they found it highly desirable to claim ancestry that was connected to the Indian Rig Vedic Aryans whose culture apparently had several similarities with their real Druidian ancestors.
Of course, they did not have any real, valid evidence to prove the above theory. To this date, they still have not proved. Had they only taken pains to inquire more into the Dasyus who are as frequently mentioned in the Rig Veda as the Aryans, they would have actually found a trail to their real ancestry.
These Dasyus were indeed the Druids.
There are no clear descriptions of the Aryan-Dasyu conflict in Rig Veda. One should look into antique literature such as the Puranas and Ithihasas for more information on this. This conflict is mentioned in Vishnu Purana and Mahabharatha. According to these literatures, the so-called Aryan-Dasyu war was in fact a fratricidal conflict for King Yayathi's throne among his five sons. King Yayathi ruled over the Saraswathi river basin area which is part of the current Indus Valley Civilization area. This was discussed in the 30th and 31st Tamil posts.
Among these five sons of Yayathi, Puru, who won the war, retained the throne and stayed back in the Sarasvathi river area. The other four migrated to different places. Two of them, Yadhu (Krishna's ancestor) and Turvarsu stayed back in the Indian sub-continent. The other two, Anu and Druhyu, migrated away from the Indian sub-continent. Druhyu went northwards and settled in Northern Europe. Picture below shows a map of the directions in which the five sons of Yayathi migrated. This is based on my research and conclusions.
The Greek researcher, NICHOLAS KAZANAS, who has conducted researches in the Aryan Migration theory, has come up with a map which is shown below.
Yayathi's kingdom was in the Indus Valley Civilization area. The war between the princes was to posses this land. Puru won the war and established his reign here. It is possible that this same Puru's descendant was Porus, who opposed the Greek emperor Alexander. This goes to show the continuity of the royal lineage in this region.
Based on the map shown above, Druhyu's line had migrated into Northern Europe via Gandhara and from there to Central Europe and Western Europe up to Caspian Sea. In all these areas, Vedic culture as well as the language Sanskrit had spread via Druhyu. Additionally the language Tamil which is as ancient as Sanskrit, had spread there as well. The languages in these parts of Europe have linguistic links with Tamil. The reason for this is that, during the times of Druhyu, Tamil had been the spoken language among all Indian people. I have discussed this in my Tamil posts 66-69. During Ramayana times, Tamil had been the common man's vernacular language and was spoken by Rama, Sita as well as the general population throughout India. Yayati precedes Rama. Yayathi was Rama's grandfather's grandfather (refer to Tamil post 13). Hence one can assume that Tamil had been in vogue more so during Yayati's times. Druhyu and Anu took with them Tamil, Sanskrit, Vedic culture and practices when they migrated to distant lands.
Rama's era was 7000 years before present. We infer this information based on the astronomical information (position of stars and other planets) in the Ramayana (Tamil post 14 discusses this). Since Yayati is five generations ahead of Rama, we can suppose that more than 7000 years ago the migration of a big group of people out of India and into Europe had occurred.
This same Druhyu who went to Europe is considered as Dasyu. (More discussions on the origins of Dasyu can be found in Tamil Post 29). Buddhism offers evidence for this. The Buddhists call the teachings of Buddha as 'Code of the Aryans' or the 'Path of the Aryans'. They had preached and popularized these teachings in countries such as Yona (Yavana), Kambhoja and Gandhara and in this context it is said that they were also preached to the Dasyus. The Buddhists preached the code of the Aryans to the Dasyus and converted them to Aryans. The Gandhara land mentioned herein by the Buddhist literature with a reference to the Dasyus, was the same land of first encampment of Druhyu in his outwardly migratory path.
The one who did not follow the Vedic Religion or Vedic Dharma was referred to as Dasyu. He has become 'A-Yajwa' – that is, someone who gave up performing Yagnas (ritual sacrifice or prayer offering oblations to the fire. This was Vedic hallmark). Such a person was also referred to as "Mlechcha". Vishnu Purana (an ancient religious Hindu text and one of the eighteen Mahapuranas) refers to this Druhyu and his descendents as Mlechchas.
The descendents of Yayati continued through the line of Druhyu are Babhru, Setu, Aradwat and Gandhara.
Vishnu Purana (4-17) has a mention for "Druhyu's son Babhru". (From Babhru –> Habhru –> Hebrew (Jews)! We shall discuss this later).
Babhru's son was Setu whose son was ARADWAT. Either Aradwat himself or one of his descendents established Ireland's monarchy referred to as 'ARD RI' (High King of Ireland). This dynasty ruled over Ireland for several centuries. These people had constructed the Stonehenges in the neighboring England's Wiltshire to bring the supernatural power that was present there under control.
Aradwat's son was Gandhara. He must have been the one who founded the Gandhara country. When we look for references about this country in ancient literature the earliest mention of it occurs in the Ramayana. Yayati was 5 generations ahead of Rama. This King Gandhara was the fifth generation of Yayati (Yayathi, Druhyu, Babhru, Setu, Aradwat and Gandhara). We may infer from this that Gandhara was a contemporary of Rama and that it was around this time that the country of Gandhara was established.
During the reign of Rama, his brother Bharatha brought this same Gandhara under his control. He founded two cities in this country for his two sons. Pushkalavathi (today's Peshawar) was founded for his son Pushkala and Takshashila (today's Taxila) for his son Taksha. Both these cities are near Gandhara (today's Kandahar). It is possible that Bharatha brought the Gandhara country under his control either by conquering its King Gandhara or driving him away from the country.
Gandharan was Rama's fifth-generation cousin on his paternal side. Then a question comes why Rama's brother Bharatha took over control of Gandhara. It can be explained that since Rama was a staunch adherent of the Vedic Dharma, he desired to promulgate it in Gandhara land to put an end to the non-Vedic Dasyu culture prevalent in that country at that time. It is conceivable that the erstwhile King Gandhara was forced out of his country into northern Europe on this account. Additionally this Gandhara country was enroute to Bharatha's mother Kaikeyi's homeland and hence he probably considered it advantageous to bring this land under his control.
We see references about the Gandhara land in the Upanishads as well. Erudite scholars had lived there. It was in Gandhara's Takshashila that the Mahabaratha was first debuted among assembly of scholars. Much later than the Mahabharata times, it was again in this Takshashila that Buddhism was promulgated as the Arya Dharma. It is said in the Buddhist literature that Arya Dharma was preached to both the Aryans (Vedic adherents) and the Dasyus (non-Vedic people) in this country.
From all this it is deduced that Gandhara was first established by Gandhara, the 5th descendant in the lineage of Yayati. The people of Gandhara were dasyus (non vedic) until Bharata (Rama's brother) annexed it. It continued to be a Vedic and intellectual area through Mahabharata times. At the time of Buddha it had a mixture of both Vedic and non-Vedic people.
Let's continue on with the line of King Gandhara. His son was Dharma. Dritha was Dharma's son. His son was Duryuman (it is also possible that this Duryuman became the Druid).
Duryuman's son was Praachethas. He had 100 sons. Vishnu Puranam mentions that all these 100 sons were a tribe of barbaric chieftans ruling over various portions in the north (of Aryavartha) and they had abandoned the Vedic Dharma and culture. Thus they were considered as Mlechchas. http://ancientvoice.wikidot.com/src-vp:vp4-17
All the three names, Druhyu, Dritha and Duryuman sound phonetically similar to Druid. In the olden Celtic language, Druid is referred to as Druvid. Druvid is a Sanskrit word. It means firm or stable knowledge. Druids were famous as knowledgeable people. It should be noted that the word Druid appears in a poem by BLATHMAC (750 CE) who wrote about Jesus saying that he was "…better than a prophet, more knowledgeable than every druid, a king who was a bishop and a complete sage".
It was around this same time when the poem was written that several Druids were portrayed as sorcerers who opposed Christianity which was on the ascendant at that time, and thus were put to death. Since it is said here that the founder of Christianity, Jesus Christ was compared with the Druids and was found to be more intelligent than the Druid, we can suppose that the Druids were not under-estimated for their knowledge or wisdom.
The cultic practices that the Druids promulgated in Europe were actually the same principles and practices of the Vedic thoughts. We shall discuss about this in the next post.
